Atšķirības starp "Šķira" versijām

Versija, kas saglabāta 2009. gada 6. maijs, plkst. 13.59

Šķira (no lat. classis - angl. Social class, fr. Classe sociale, kr. Социальный класс, vāc. soziale Klasse) - marksistiskajā ideoloģijā sociālais slānis sabiedrībā, kura locekļiem caurmērā līdzīgs materiālais stāvoklis, statuss, līdzīga nodarbinātība, izglītības līmenis un dzīves apstākļi, kas ietekmē līdzīgu uzvedības ieradumu, uzskatu un kopības sajūtas veidošanos.

Komentāri

Pirmās šķiras radās Seno Austrumu zemēs, sabiedrības sociālajai hierarhijai un struktūrai kļūstot sarežģītākām, sākot ar IV g.tk.p.m.ē. Sabiedrībai diferencējoties, šķiru skaits pieauga. Piederība pie šķiras netika dokumentēta un pāreja no vienas šķiras uz otru, mainoties indivīda mantiskajam stāvoklim un nodarbei, norisa automātiski.

Šķira ir viens no pamatjēdzieniem marksisma sabiedrības attīstības teorijā, kur katrā sabiedriski ekonomiskajā formācijā izmaiņas pamatojās pamatšķiru antagonismā: verdzības iekārtā - vergturi un vergi, feodālismā - feodāļi un zemnieki-pilsētnieki, kapitālismā - buržuāzija (kapitālisti) un proletariāts. Saskaņā ar marksistu ideju, pārejas posmā no kapitālisma uz komunismu - sociālismā, - sociāli ekonomiskajām pretrunām starp šķirām vajadzēja izzust un pakāpeniski izveidoties bezšķiru sabiedrībai.

• Skat arī: Kārta

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Resursi internetā par šo tēmu

• Class Action:
• Dargin, Justin, The Birth of Russia's New Energy Class. The Asia Times (Dec. 6, 2007)
• Dictionary of the history of ideas Class
• Charles Dunoyer And The Theory Of Industrialism and Comte And Dunoyer After The 1830 Revolution: The Impact Of Their Ideas in The Radical Liberalism Of Charles Comte And Charles Dunoyer by David M. Hart
• Marxist and Austrian Class Analysis (PDF document) by Hans-Hermann Hoppe
• Classical Liberal Roots of the Marxist Doctrine of Classes (PDF document), Classical Liberal Roots of Marxist Class Analysis (MP3 audio file), lecture by Ralph Raico.
• Rethinking Cultural and Economic Capital - Jan Rupp