Atšķirības starp "Bulgāru haniste" versijām
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* [http://www.kroraina.com/bulgar/rashev.html Rasho Rashev, Shumen. On the origin of the Proto-Bulgarians. / Studia protobulgarica et mediaevalia europensia. In honour of Prof. V. Beshevliev, Veliko Tarnovo, 1992] | * [http://www.kroraina.com/bulgar/rashev.html Rasho Rashev, Shumen. On the origin of the Proto-Bulgarians. / Studia protobulgarica et mediaevalia europensia. In honour of Prof. V. Beshevliev, Veliko Tarnovo, 1992] | ||
* [http://members.tripod.com/~Groznijat/pb_lang/pbl_3_4.html Dr. Dobrev. The Proto-bulgarian Calendar. The Ancient Peoples of the East and the Arithmetic of the Proto-Bulgarians] | * [http://members.tripod.com/~Groznijat/pb_lang/pbl_3_4.html Dr. Dobrev. The Proto-bulgarian Calendar. The Ancient Peoples of the East and the Arithmetic of the Proto-Bulgarians] | ||
| + | * [http://www.spellintime.fsnet.co.uk/Folklore.htm#ProBulgarians Mythology of Protobulgarians] | ||
| + | * [http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isis/Publications/Pavlev_2000.htm Nicolay Pavlov:The Emergence of a New Geopolitical Region in Eurasia: The Volga-Urals Region and its Implications for Bulgarian Foreign and Security Policy] | ||
| + | * [http://mintcho.com/Documents/History%20of%20Bulgaria.pdf Bojidar Dimitrov: History of Bulgariens] | ||
* [http://members.tripod.com/~Groznijat/fadlan/rorlich2.html The Bulgar State of the Middle Volga. / Excerpts from "The Volga Tatars, a Profile in National Resilience", by Azade-Ayshe Rorlich (Stanford University, 1986)] | * [http://members.tripod.com/~Groznijat/fadlan/rorlich2.html The Bulgar State of the Middle Volga. / Excerpts from "The Volga Tatars, a Profile in National Resilience", by Azade-Ayshe Rorlich (Stanford University, 1986)] | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | * [http://www.uni-potsdam.de/u/mrz/mrm/mrm16-3.htm Uni Potsdam: Mitgliedstaaten des Europarats - Bulgaren] | ||
| + | * [http://www.kroraina.com/bulgar/schmitt.html Rüdiger Schmidt: Erforschungsgeschichte der Protobulgaren] | ||
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* [http://gov.cap.ru/hierarhy_cap.asp?page=./86/2261/2329 Волжско-Камская Болгария] | * [http://gov.cap.ru/hierarhy_cap.asp?page=./86/2261/2329 Волжско-Камская Болгария] | ||
Versija, kas saglabāta 2008. gada 1. decembris, plkst. 12.28
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| pastāv: | ~630.-710. g. |
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Bulgāru haniste jeb Lielbulgārija (tj. Bөyek Balğar ile; bulg. Стара Велика България, gr. Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία), arī Onogrija (angl. Onoguria) - tjurku bulgāru cilšu savienības izveidota valsts Melnās jūras austrumu piekrastes stepēs, laikā no 630. līdz 710. gadam. Valsti izveidoja kutriguru cilts hans Kubrats ap 632. gadu, izmantojot situāciju, kad pēc 626. gada sakāves karā ar Bizantiju Avāru kaganāts bija vājš - pakļāva utiguru un onoguru ciltis, pasludinot sevi par suverenu monarhu. 665. gadā pēc hana Kubrata nāves tā dēli ar savām ordām sadalījās, kā rezultātā bulgāru haniste ievērojami zaudēja savu ietekmi reģionā. Vecākais dēls hans Batbajs turpināja pārvaldīt t.s. melno bulgāru pamatteritoriju, hans Kotrags ar savu ordu pārcēlās uz Donas upes rietumu krastu,bet 670. gadā migrēja augšup gar Volgas upi, izveiodojot t.s. Volgas Bulgāras hanisti. Hans Asparuhs ar savu ordu migrēja uz Donavas upoes baseinu, izveidojot tur Donavas bulgāru valsti. Ap 710. gadu Bulgāru hanisti pakļāva Hazāru kaganāts, un tā pārstāja pastāvēt kā valsts.
Ilustratīvie materiāli
Bulgārija ap 1240. gadu
Literatūra
- Beševliev V. Die protobulgarische Periode der bulgarischen Geschichte. - Verlag Adolf M. Hakkert, Amsterdam, 1981, ISBN 90-256-0882-5
- Николаев В. В. История предков чувашей. XXX в.до н. э. - XV в.н.э. - Чебоксары, 2005
- Николаев В. В. Чуваши. Этническая история и традиционная культура. - Москва, 2000
- Иречек K. История болгар. - Варшава, 1877
- Юхма Мишши. Древние чуваши. - Чебоксары, 1996
- Краткая история Болгарии (С древнейших времен до наших дней). - издательство «Наука», Москва, 1987
Resursi internetā par šo tēmu
- Old Great Bulgaria - facts and sources
- BULGARS, Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (1991), vol.1, p.338
- The Bulgarians, Minnesota State University
- Inscriptions and Alphabet of the Proto-Bulgarians, by Peter Dobrev
- History of the Proto-Bulgarians north and west of the Black Sea by Vassil Karloukovski
- The Responses of Pope Nicholas I to the Questions of the Bulgars A.D. 866
- Kings and (from 913) emperors of Bulgaria (.pdf)
- Brentjes B. On the Prototype of the Proto-Bulgarian Temples at Pliska, Preslav and Madara
- Runciman, Steven. A History of the First Bulgarian Empire. - G. Bell & Sons, London, 1930
- Zimonyi Istvan. History of the Turkic speaking peoples in Europe before the Ottomans. Uppsala University: Institute of Linguistics and Philology
- History of the Proto-Bulgarians north and west of the Black Sea (summary of the D.Dimitrov. Prabylgarite po severnoto i zapadnoto Chernomorie, Varna, 1987)
- Rasho Rashev, Shumen. On the origin of the Proto-Bulgarians. / Studia protobulgarica et mediaevalia europensia. In honour of Prof. V. Beshevliev, Veliko Tarnovo, 1992
- Dr. Dobrev. The Proto-bulgarian Calendar. The Ancient Peoples of the East and the Arithmetic of the Proto-Bulgarians
- Mythology of Protobulgarians
- Nicolay Pavlov:The Emergence of a New Geopolitical Region in Eurasia: The Volga-Urals Region and its Implications for Bulgarian Foreign and Security Policy
- Bojidar Dimitrov: History of Bulgariens
- The Bulgar State of the Middle Volga. / Excerpts from "The Volga Tatars, a Profile in National Resilience", by Azade-Ayshe Rorlich (Stanford University, 1986)
- Uni Potsdam: Mitgliedstaaten des Europarats - Bulgaren
- Rüdiger Schmidt: Erforschungsgeschichte der Protobulgaren
